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Sagawa is the inventor of neodymium magnets. The Japan International Science and Technology Consortium announced that Sagawa won the 2012 (28th) Japan International Award for the establishment of the consortium in Tokyo on January 25. Sagawa attended the press conference to answer questions from Nikkei Manufacturing and published the information mentioned at the beginning of this article.
Tantalum is a component that incorporates a neodymium magnet in order to prevent its characteristics from deteriorating when used at high temperatures. This component is commonly added to neodymium magnets used in hybrid and electric vehicle motors. In addition, most of the plutonium is produced in China. Under the influence of China's policy of reducing export quotas, it has become a representative material for rare earth resource risks.
Sagawa introduced: “The amount of niobium added to existing products accounts for 10% of the total weight of magnets, but this time the magnets can reduce niobium additions to 5%. And we are still further developing neodymium magnets down to 3%, and strive to eventually Fall to 1%."
The magnets were produced by Intermetallics Japan, a new neodymium magnet production and sales company funded by Japan's Tatung Special Steel, Mitsubishi Corporation and US resource company Molycorp, and Japan's Intermetallics is not a company with headquarters in Nakatsugawa, Gifu Prefecture, Japan. .
In addition to Sagawa, there is Janet, an American who is engaged in the development of therapeutic drugs for chronic myeloid leukemia. Others such as Janet Rowley won the "(Japan 28th) Japan International Awards 2012".
TFT is the abbreviation of "Thin Film Transistor", generally refers to thin film liquid crystal displays, but actually refers to thin film transistors (matrix)-can "actively" control each independent pixel on the screen, which is The origin of the so-called active matrix TFT (active matrix TFT). So how exactly is the image produced? The basic principle is very simple: the Display Screen is composed of many pixels that can emit light of any color, and the purpose can be achieved by controlling each pixel to display the corresponding color. In TFT LCD, backlight technology is generally used. In order to accurately control the color and brightness of each pixel, it is necessary to install a shutter-like switch after each pixel. When the "blinds" are opened, light can pass through, and " When the shutters are closed, light cannot pass through. Of course, technically, it is not as simple as the one just mentioned. LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) utilizes the characteristics of liquid crystals (liquid when heated, and crystallized into solid when cooled). Generally, liquid crystals have three forms:
Smectic liquid crystal similar to clay
Nematic liquid crystal resembling a fine matchstick
Cholestic liquid crystal
The liquid crystal display uses filaments, and when the external environment changes, its molecular structure will also change, and thus have different physical properties-it can achieve the purpose of letting light through or blocking light-which is just like the blinds just now.
Everyone knows the three primary colors, so each pixel on the display screen needs three similar basic components described above to control the three colors of red, green, and blue respectively.
The most commonly used one is twisted nematic TFT LCD (Twisted Nematic TFT LCD). Existing technologies vary greatly, and we will cover them in detail in the second part of this article.
There are grooves on the upper and lower layers. The grooves on the upper layer are arranged longitudinally and the grooves on the lower layer are arranged horizontally. When no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal in its natural state, the light emitted from the light emitting layer of the twisted nematic TFT Display working principle diagram of Figure 2a will be twisted by 90 degrees after passing through the interlayer, so that it can pass through the lower layer smoothly.
When a voltage is applied between the two layers, an electric field is generated. At this time, the liquid crystals are aligned vertically, so the light will not be twisted-the result is that the light cannot pass through the lower layer.
(2) TFT pixel structure: The color filter is divided into red, green, and blue according to the color, which are arranged on the glass substrate to form a group (dot pitch) corresponding to a pixel. Each monochromatic filter is called It is a sub-pixel. In other words, if a TFT display supports a maximum resolution of 1280×1024, then at least 1280×3×1024 sub-pixels and transistors are required. For a 15-inch TFT display (1024×768), then a pixel is about 0.0188 inches (equivalent to 0.30mm), for an 18.1-inch TFT display (1280×1024), it is 0.011 inches (equivalent to 0.28mm) .
As we all know, pixels are decisive for the display. The smaller each pixel is, the larger the maximum resolution that the display can achieve. However, due to the limitation of the physical characteristics of the transistor, the size of each pixel of the TFT at this stage is basically 0.0117 inches (0.297mm), so for a 15-inch display, the maximum resolution is only 1280×1024.
Japan's Intermetallics Corporation (headquarters: Kyoto City), the representative director of the company, Sagawa Rinpoche, announced on January 25th, 2012 that the company has started to produce Nd-Fe-B sintered magnets for halving the use of Dy. The following is called neodymium magnet). Sagawa said: "In terms of the performance and heat resistance of the magnet, this time the magnet is the same level as the existing product."