Light is probably the most familiar but strangest thing for human beings. Light is not just for us to distinguish between day and night: because of the light, our eyes are not reduced to decorations; because of the light, plants can synthesize organic matter that feeds the entire food chain on the earth.

Light is so important that the first thing to do when God created the world is to say, "There is light."

However, turning aside the history of human research on light reveals that we know very little about light itself. We know that light is wave-particle duality. The speed of light is absolute according to the special theory of relativity. It also means that the light emitted by the flashlight on the side of the rail and the light speed emitted by the flashlight on the high-speed rail of 300 km/h. It's the same, wait.

However, why light has these properties, but the top physicists are also unable to do anything. We don't even know why we don't know.

Recently, theoretical physicists have made new discoveries about light. They have calculated the results of modeling and concluded that light may have a new form. Related papers were published in the August 5th issue of Nature Communication. ("Nature Communication".

Recent research has shown that when light is combined with a single electron, it produces a new form of light that combines both electron and light properties.

According to researchers at Imperial College London, the coupling of light and electrons may bring a new kind of feature: photon working circuits, which will be completely different from the common electronic circuits.

This new form of coupling will help scientists conduct quantum physics-related phenomena under macroscopic observations. As we all know, the main object of quantum physics is the particles of size atoms.

An imaginary diagram of light trapped on the surface of a topological insulator nanoparticle

In conventional materials, the interaction of light and electrons occurs both on the surface and inside the material. However, using theoretical physics principles, it was found that, based on the properties of the light and topological insulator* materials, light can interact only with one electron located on the surface of the material when they interact.

This will create a coupling that combines some of the properties of light and electronics. For example, light travels in a straight line, but when combined with electrons, the direction of propagation will refer to the trajectory of the electrons, such as along the surface of the material.

In a related study on the coupling of light and electrons, Dr. Vincenzo Giannini and his colleagues simulated various effects around topological insulator na no nanoparticles, the diameter of the nanoparticles. Below 0.0000001 meters.

Dr. Giannini's model shows that in addition to the electronic properties of light and the circular motion around the nanoparticle, electrons also exhibit certain light characteristics.

Normally, the electrons in the circuit move along the material and stop only when the material is defective. However, Dr. Giannini's team found that in their model, even with the presence of flaws on the surface of the nanoparticles, electrons can still move normally with the help of light.

If this feature is used in a photonic circuit, this will make the circuit more stable and greatly enhance its immunity to interference and physical defects.

Dr. Giannini said: "The results of this research will have a major impact on our understanding of light! The discovery of topological insulators is only a matter of ten years ago, but it has shown us new phenomena for research and exploration. Some important physics concepts offer a whole new approach."

Dr. Giannini added that with the current technical means, the actual observation of the phenomena in the experimental model should be no problem (topological insulator nanoparticles have been able to be produced in small batches in the laboratory), the research team is currently working with experimental physicists. We work together to practice the experimental results.

The research team from Imperial College of Science believes that the scale of this new form of light can be magnified, which makes related physical phenomena easier to observe.

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