1. Lamp products are China's larger export commodities. In recent years, the export volume is close to 10 billion US dollars. The annual export batch accounts for about 50% of the total batch of electrical products, while the lamps exported to North America account for half of the export lamps. Above, and portable luminaires account for about half of them. The main basis for the safety of portable luminaires in North America is the US AN-SI/UL153 standard, which is quite different from the IEC60598 luminaire standard adopted by countries such as China and the European Union. Analysis provides some considerations for the design, production and testing of such luminaires. Second, the current status of North American safety certification system The North American Free Trade Area (NAFTA) consists of the United States, Canada and Mexico. The three countries reached an agreement on the North American Free Trade Agreement in 1992, and the agreement entered into force on January 1, 1994. The North American Free Trade Area was announced. . In order to make trade in the free trade zone more smoothly, the United States, Canada, and Mexico have coordinated their work on market access and technical standards. In North America, UL has partnered with the Mexican National Electronics Division's Standardization, Certification Association and the Canadian Standards Association (CSA) to publish and publish North American harmonized standards. In addition, the unified product conformity assessment process and product certification mark are also important measures to eliminate trade barriers. As far as the lighting products are concerned, the mutual recognition of safety certifications of different institutions is currently implemented, and the safety standard UL1598 of fixed lamps has been adopted by the three countries as their respective national standards. The certification agencies in the United States and Canada are also of a non-governmental nature. Many of them have a history of hundreds of years. Among them, UL is the most representative. It is both a standard-setting organization and a certification testing organization. About 3/4 of the UL standards it has developed are adopted as ANSI (American National Standard). Other well-known testing institutions include CSA, ETL, etc.; Mexico's safety certification is mandatory - NOM certification, and its implementing agency is ANCE. III. UL153: Product range of portable electrical luminaires standard UL153: The standard of portable electrical luminaires is the American national standard. Although it has not been adopted as the national standard of Canada and Mexico, it is more than the current standards of these two countries. Perfect and detailed, so in practice, each North American testing organization is mainly implemented according to the requirements of the standard. UL153: The standard for portable electrical luminaires can be used separately, unlike the common standard plus the standard structure of the international standard IEC. UL153: Removable electrical luminaire standards cover the scope of luminaires equivalent to the general requirements and tests of IEC 60598-1:2006 luminaires + IEC 60598-2-4:1997 portable general purpose luminaires, the classification of which is based on the And the main function of the plug is for lighting fixtures, so it contains some classifications in the IEC standard which are 2-1 (fixed), 2-5 (fan light), 2-8 (handlamp), 2-11 (children interested) In the lamp), the product is connected by a non-removable flexible cable. It is worth noting that a special type of luminaire-convertible unit (CONVERTIBLEUNIT-Aportablelumi-naireprovidedwithinstructionsandakit thatconvertstheportableluminairetoa fixedluminaire.) has a structural feature with a polarized plug and a bare copper grounding wire that can be used in mobile luminaires. In connection with fixed luminaire conversion, it is generally required in the product manual that the consumer remove the bare copper ground wire when using the luminaire for mobile use, and when used as a fixed luminaire, the plug is cut and then electrically connected. Such products must comply with the requirements of UL 153 and not the requirements of the fixed luminaire standard UL1598 (corresponding to the general requirements and test of IEC 60598-1:2006 luminaires and the general requirements and tests of IEC 60598-2-1:2006 luminaires), mainly because In contrast, UL153 requirements are stricter than UL1598. The following are the differences between the IEC and UL standards. 1. Anti-shock type The general requirements and tests of IEC60598-1:2006 stipulate several types: Class 0, Class I, Class II, Class III. If IEC 60598 luminaire standards are used to evaluate UL153 compliant lamps, most of them belong to Class 0 (outdoor use, Changing units, work lights, etc. must be grounded. The lamps are classified as Class I lamps. They are mainly used in the basic insulated wires used, and the voltage applied by the electrical strength is 1200V. The latest IEC lamp standards do not accept Class 0 products. Is class I, class II, or class III. 2. Polarity As mentioned above, most of the lamps complying with UL153 belong to Class 0 luminaires. Based on the protection of electrical safety, the polarity requirements in the UL luminaire standards are another feature: they are clearly distinguished whether they are plugs with no grounding or plugs with grounding. The polarity, the pole of the two-pole plug without grounding is narrow and wide on one side, the wide side is connected to the neutral line, and the narrow side is connected to the live line; the polarity of the plug with grounding is that the plug is facing the user and the grounding end is facing up. The polarity of the pin is left zero right fire; the parallel flexible cable is the one side of the ribbed with the zero line, and the side marked with the smooth electrical parameters is connected to the live line; the inner wire is the black or red line. , the white zero line; the corresponding screw socket is not easy to be touched by the center contact fire line, the thread that is easy to be touched is connected to the zero line; the switch must be installed on the live line; provide a warning label near the plug to prevent The user makes a power connection of the opposite polarity. There are no detailed requirements for polarity in the IEC 60598-1:2006 luminaire standard. 3. Thermal experiment The temperature rise test of UL153 is the thermal test condition of IEC 60598 luminaire standard is basically similar to IEC, but the test should be carried out under the condition of higher rated voltage or rated power, different from the voltage of 1.05 times rated power required in IEC60598 luminaire standard. Or test at 1.06 times the voltage. Another major difference and most distinctive feature is the exemption from the temperature rise test specified in UL 153, which is not available in the IEC 60598 luminaire standard. The main content is that as long as the structure of the luminaire meets certain requirements and the temperature of the thermal test does not exceed the limit, no thermal experiment is required. For example: fluorescent lamps: use thermal protection ballasts, or straight fluorescent lamps with a single inductive ballast without power factor to correct the capacitance, or more than one ballast, the gap between them is greater than 10cm. The minimum temperature rating of the wires used is not less than 90 degrees. Incandescent lamp: combined with the power of the bulb and divided into a fully enclosed type according to the opening size of the lampshade, the upper open and the lower closed type, the upper closed lower open type, the fully open type, if the corresponding minimum requirement of the bulb to the shade distance is met, And the minimum rated temperature of the wire two inches away from the bulb and the lamp holder is not less than 60 degrees; the minimum rated temperature of the wire within two inches from the lamp holder is not lower than the corresponding required value (in the upper closed open lampshade and the lamp holder is facing The next is 150 degrees, the rest is 105 degrees). 4. General Coverage Procedure If the luminaire meets the exemption conditions of the above temperature rise test, it is necessary and the main condition for the general cover of the test institutions such as UL and ETL. The universal coverage program is a flexible and simplified certification procedure introduced by UL, ETL and other testing and certification organizations. As long as the applicant has passed the initial inspection procedure of the testing and certification organization, when certain lighting products meet the temperature-free test structure and others. As long as the product verification is carried out during the routine factory audit, the applicant does not need to send the product to the laboratory for testing, and can directly attach a certification mark to such products to indicate that it has passed the safety certification of the relevant testing organization, which is related to China's 3C. The certification tests of the European Union GS and so on are very different, reflecting the flexibility of the North American certification system. If the manufacturer is familiar with the use of this set of rules, it can save a lot of testing costs and time. 5. Other major differences (1) Wire holder UL153: Wire tension mitigation device (wire holder) required by the standard for portable luminaires. There is no requirement for torque test, no power cord push test is required, and the power cord is knotted. The test method is soft cable. Withstand 1kg of 16kg gravity, the displacement of the wire at the joint protected by the device shall not exceed 1.6mm. The IEC60598 luminaire standard has torque test and does not accept the way the power cord is knotted. According to the cross-sectional area of ​​the wire, the loading is different. Pulling force (60N-120N) and torque (0.15Nm-0.35Nm), the loading force is 25 times, 1 second each time, the displacement of the wire at 20mm from the wire holder should not exceed 2mm, and the power cord should be pushed in. test. (2) Stability UL153: The standard for portable luminaires requires that the luminaires not be dumped on an 8 degree slant surface, as if the toy requires 15 degrees without dumping, which is different from the IEC60598 luminaire standard requirement of 6 degrees. (3) Grounding UL153: The grounding test condition required for the movable luminaire standard is 25A for test current, which should not exceed 0.1Ω. The requirement in IEC60598 luminaire standard is not less than 10A and not more than 0.5Ω. Relatively speaking, UL requirements are stricter. (4) Wire size UL153: The standard cross-sectional area of ​​the conductor required for the movable luminaire is 18 AWG (0.82 mm 2 ), which is 0.75 mm 2 of the flexible cable required by the IEC 60598 luminaire standard and 0.5 mm 2 for the internal conductor. (5) IP rating UL153: The movable luminaire standard does not have IP classification and corresponding requirements, but its suitable outdoor lighting luminaires must withstand 4 hours of IEC 60598 luminaire standard requirements IPX3 anti-leaching test and 2 hours of IPX4 similar splash test. (6) Anti-ultraviolet radiation (UV) UL153: The halogen lamp and metal halide lamp have the requirements of anti-UV radiation in the standard of the movable lamp, and the IEC60598 lamp standard only has this requirement for the metal halide lamp. Fourth, summary Due to the limited space, the article can only be used as a point, and not all differences can be brought together. In comparison, the standard of UL153 is self-contained, closely related to the manufacturing industry, and has strong operability. This has a lot to do with the private sector itself, while the IEC standard is more standardized and strict, and because the civilian voltage in North America is 120V. Lord, correspondingly, the rated current of the product will be larger than that of the 220V voltage system. The problem is that the heating of the product will be more serious. In addition, the buildings in North America use wood materials, so the standard in North America. The fire protection requirements for products are stricter than those of IEC, while the protection against electric shock is relatively loose. If the domestic manufacturer can better understand the UL standard, it can not only meet the safety requirements of the product, but also save the cost and time of production and application for safety certification.
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2.Material:steel plate.stainless steel compound plate,stainless steel plate,ect.(anticorrosion treatment with hot galvanization,also color polyester power could be coated on the surface)
High strength low alloy steel Q235,Q345,GR65,GR50 to ensure the mechanical properity of microelement in order to ensure the quality of galvanization (other materials are also avaliable on request)
3.Jointing of pole with insert mode,innerflange mode,face to face joint mode
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5.Minimum yield strength:355 mpa
6.Minimum ultimate tensile strength :490 mpa
7.Max ultimate tensilestrength:620 mpa
8.Certificate:ISO9001-2000
9.Length:Within 14m once forming without slip joint
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