At present, the Ethernet interface of computers has been widely used. Generally, each computer has at least one Ethernet interface. In the field of industrial communications, the Ethernet port has begun to gradually occupy the traditional RS-232/RS-485, CAN, USB and other communications interface market. Ethernet will be one of the most important PC industrial communication interfaces in the future for industrial communication, storage and programming. In the day when Ethernet technology is gradually popularized in industrial communication, this article reviews the development process of Ethernet serial communication products. First, review the development achievements of China's Ethernet serial communication products, we have to mention the domestic P&S company, Taiwan's MOXA company and ATOP company. In 2000, P&S Corporation developed a PS 2000 network chip that allows the microcontroller system to access Ethernet. Taiwan's MOXA is the first manufacturer to aggressively commercialize Ethernet serial server products. Taiwan's Advantech is also focusing on the development of Ethernet serial communication products in the field of industrial communications. Their product form has become the subject of widespread imitators today. . ATOP's GW21 Ethernet serial server has become an object of anatomy learning. There are still more domestic manufacturers that have pioneered Ethernet serial communication products. They have either moved to other fields or have shifted their focus or are continuing to deepen their technology or industrialization. Bo Shi Electronics is a constant innovation and pioneering manufacturer in the field of Ethernet serial communication. This article introduced the fourth-generation Ethernet/serial products with BOSS electronic products as the representative. The first generation is an Ethernet/RS-232 converter, the second generation is an Ethernet/RS-232/RS-485/RS-422 general-purpose converter, and the third generation is an opto-isolated Ethernet/RS-232/485 / 422 general-purpose converter, the fourth generation of products directly from the Ethernet port / serial fiber converter converts a pair of optical transceivers for the transmission of serial signals. Finally, the article reviews the differences between Ethernet virtual serial ports and traditional serial ports. Today's Ethernet serial communication products have been flourishing, but there are two serious problems: The first is a serious homogeneity, can be seen from the appearance; the second is the lack of chip-level core technology, which with domestic integrated circuits The level of technology is relevant. Thankfully, because Ethernet serial communication products are mainly used in industrial communication, industrial communication and industrial measurement and control fields are the traditional strengths of Chinese people, and it is always Chinese products that occupy most of the market. First Generation Ethernet/RS-232 Converters <br> The first generation Ethernet industrial communication products are typically Ethernet/RS-232 converters. Bo Shi Electronics is one of the earliest manufacturers engaged in the development of Ethernet/serial converters. The model is an ETH232 Ethernet/RS-232 converter (Figure 1) used to convert an Ethernet port into an RS-232 serial port. Ethernet/RS-232 converter A protocol conversion device (Ethernet protocol-serial communication protocol) that communicates Ethernet and RS-232 serial devices. Between the communication host (Ethernet) and the RS-232 serial device, whether the communication host sends a message to the designated RS-232 serial device or the RS-232 serial device sends information to the designated communication host, it can easily Transfer correctly. Bosch's ETH232 is designed and manufactured specifically for industrial communications, with particular emphasis on the applicability of industrial communications. For example, we use industrial communication to develop commonly used Visual BASIC and Visual C++ language Mscomm.ocx communication control programming communication detection, Bo Shi's ETH232 can smoothly communicate correctly under various versions of Windows and RTS/CTS, DTR The control and monitoring of the /DSR handshaking signal is also correct, and some commercially available Ethernet/serial converters cannot pass this detection. The ETH232 product has the following basic performance features: virtual serial port, external 6-9V power supply, freely configurable serial port number as a new COM port, and can modify the COM port number under WINDOWS XP. The software only needs to modify the serial port number, no need to Rewrite it. ETH232 products can also be used in conjunction with other BOSS electronic products: ETH232 can also be directly connected with Bosch's 485C converter to form an Ethernet/RS-485/RS-422 converter (full-duplex half-duplex universal) , can be directly connected with Bo Shi electronic 485TC converter to form an optically isolated Ethernet / RS-485 / RS-422 converter, can be directly connected with Bo Shi electronic BS232-9 type RS-232 photoelectric isolator constitute photoelectric Isolated Ethernet/RS-232 converter. The second generation Ethernet/RS-232/RS-485/RS-422 converter <br> The second generation Ethernet industrial communication products can directly expand RS-232, RS-485, RS-422 from the Ethernet port mouth. Bo Shi electronic Ethernet/serial converter (Model: ETH232L1) is used to convert an Ethernet port into RS-232, RS-485 (half-duplex) or RS-422 (full-duplex) ports, as shown in Figure 2. Bosch ETH232L1 Micro-Ethernet/Serial Converter has an ultra-compact patented form (80*23*47mm), RS-232, RS-485, RS-422 universal (with terminals), and can be virtually a local COM serial port ( COM1-COM256), there is no need to modify the existing serial communication software. At the same time, Bo Shi presented a communication source program with independent intellectual property rights (VC++, VB, BC can embed user communication programs) and a copyrighted Ethernet-serial portrayal program. The Bosch ETH232L1 is the world's smallest and simplest Ethernet/serial converter. We conducted comparative tests on a variety of Ethernet serial servers at home and abroad. ETH232L1 is one of the few products that can be successfully used, and it is the easiest to use. ETH232L1 products have the following basic performance characteristics: virtual serial port, external 5-36V wide input range of DC Power Supply. ETH232L1 is mainly designed for remote industrial communication over Ethernet. With RS-485 or RS-422 interfaces, the communication distance increases to 1200 meters (at 9600 bps). The third generation of products optically isolated Ethernet/RS-232/485/422 converter <br><br> The third generation of Ethernet industrial communication products can not only directly expand RS-232, RS-485, RS-422 from the Ethernet port Mouth, and achieved optical isolation. Boshi ETH232GL1 opto-isolated micro-Ethernet/serial converter (see Figure 3) has inherited the consistent features of the Bosch converters, with ultra-small form factor (80*23*47mm), RS-232, RS-485, RS-422 Universal, you can virtually become a local COM serial port (COM1-COM256) without modifying existing serial communication software. Bosch ETH232GL1 may be one of the world's smallest optically isolated Ethernet/serial converters, and its use is also extremely simple, patent number. ETH232GL1 achieves 2500V optical isolation between Ethernet and serial ports. The highest communication speed of RS-232/485/422 of ETH232GL1 is 19.2Kbps, which is actually 38.4Kbps or more. Built-in 600W lightning surge protector. The ETH232GL1 Ethernet/serial converter is externally plugged into the Ethernet port of a computer or HUB via an Ethernet cable. There is a small LED (Light Emitting Diode) next to the serial socket. When the Ethernet 232GL1 is turned on, the LED will stay lit. The RS-232/485/422 serial port side of the Bosch ETH232GL1 product is a DB-9 header with all RS-232, RS-485, RS-422 pins and terminals. When used as an RS-232 port, it is exactly the same as the 2nd, 3rd and 5th pin assignments of the DB-9 pin RS-232 port of the PC. When RS-422 is used, T+ and T- are sent out from ETH232GL1. Note that the ground wire (5 feet) is recommended for RS-485 and RS-422 communication. RS-485/422 does not require jumper selection. The reference ground of the RS-485/422 signal is the same as the RS-232 GND. ETH232GL1 products have the following basic performance characteristics: virtual serial port, 2500V optical isolation, serial port is RS-232/RS-485/RS-422 universal, automatic identification serial port number. The driver is the same as Bosch ETH232L1 Ethernet/serial converter. The fourth generation of Ethernet / serial fiber converter <br> The fourth generation of Ethernet serial communication products directly from the Ethernet port converts a pair of optical transceivers for transmitting serial signals (Figure 4). Bosch Electronics invented and pioneered Ethernet/serial fiber converters, and it is also the world's only Ethernet/serial fiber converter. BOSS Electronic's OPET232L1 (multi-mode) and OPET232SL1 (single-mode) are the latest generation of Ethernet optical fiber communication products. It directly converts a pair of optical fiber transceivers from the Ethernet port to transmit serial signals. Boshi Micro Ethernet/Serial Fiber Converter has an ultra-small form factor (74*23*47mm), can virtualize the Ethernet port to the local COM serial port (COM1-COM256), and does not need to modify the existing serial communication software. Drivers with Bosch ETH232L1 series converters. Since OPET232L1 (or OPET232SL1) still transmits serial signals, it must be used in pairs or paired with Bosch's OPT series of serial/optical converters. Due to the use of optical fiber as a communication transmission medium, it has the advantages of isolation of high voltage, prevention of electromagnetic interference, and transmission distance. The transmission medium of OPET232SL1 is single-mode fiber, and the transmission medium of OPET232L1 is multi-mode fiber, but its appearance and driver are exactly the same. The power supply of the OPET232L1 (or OPET232SL1) has also been improved and changed to a universal T-type USB port power socket. Ordinary MP3, PHS phone charger can be used as power. There is an LED indicator next to the power outlet. This product is subject to the following Chinese patent protection, 200630307752, ZL2002284234, tort! Bosch's Ethernet/serial fiber converters are not the same as the common Ethernet fiber converters used for network communications. Bo Shi OPET232L1 serial port rate is 1200,2400,4800,9600,...,115200bps. Common Ethernet fiber optic converters transmit Ethernet signals over the TCP/IP protocol. Their rate is 10M, 100M, or 1000M. The TCP/IP communication protocol is more complicated than the serial communication, and the data volume per port is too large, and the key is the poor real-time performance. Bo Shi's Ethernet/serial fiber converters are more suitable for optical fiber communications in industrial measurement and control due to the use of RS-232 serial port communication protocols. Comment on Ethernet Virtual Serial Port BOSS's serial Ethernet serial communication products can be set via SerialIP.exe software (given product registration serial number). It is used to virtualize the IP address of the Ethernet serial adapter that has been correctly set to the IP address of a serial port of the computer. COM number, this is the "virtual serial port" generated by the Ethernet/serial converter. Some people use Ethernet/serial converters to find that some software that was previously running normally on a traditional RS-232 port (or RS-485) cannot be used, so the virtual serial port is not a real serial port. Here, the so-called "traditional RS-232 port" refers to the RS-2 extended from the PC's main board or from the bus, such as the desktop's PCI bus or ISA bus, notebook's PCMCIA bus. Despite this, we still believe that replacing the traditional RS-232, RS-485, and RS-422 ports with Ethernet/serial converters and USB/serial converter virtual serial ports is an inevitable trend, just like the PCI bus instead of the ISA bus. Windows replaced DOS, although the latter are more suitable for industrial communications and industrial monitoring. From the perspective of our use, the virtual serial port of the Ethernet/serial converter is much more versatile than the virtual serial port of the USB/serial converter. The reason may be that the Ethernet signal line is full-duplex. Ethernet receives and sends signals separately and can be sent and received at the same time. The Windows operating system has never prioritized the real-time requirements of industrial communications and industrial measurement and control, but has increasingly abandoned industrial communications and industrial measurement and control. Only CPU, bus, and other hardware speed improvements reduce the latency to near-real-time performance. Because replacing the I/O reading and writing to the physical address through the WINDOWS api function operation is a basic principle for solving the problem of Windows reliability, the user is increasingly away from the operation of the Windows kernel. The communication control is actually a package combination of some communication api functions. In fact, there is no direct I/O read/write instruction from Windows XP. Even the direct I/O read/write of Windows 98 is called by editing the DOS I/O read/write instructions into a dynamic link library. The direct I/O read and write under Windows XP is also implemented by the call of the universal dynamic link library. However, it is more complicated. Please refer to the software of BOSS electronic website. In addition, reducing the delay of the virtual operation of the Ethernet virtual serial port on the handshaking signals of RTS/CTS and DTR/DSR is also a technical difficulty. This is mainly caused by the signal initialization processing delay of the internal UART of the Ethernet/serial converter. Avoid frequent use of the best not to use these handshake signals is a good solution. The RS-485 interfaces of all Bosch electronic products all use zero-delay automatic transceiving and conversion technology. This ensures that no handshaking signal is needed to control the switching between receiving and transmitting in the conversion process.
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32 mouths. The RS-232 port extended from the PCI bus or ISA bus and the PCMCIA bus of the notebook is assigned its own fixed physical I/O address like the RS-232 port on the PC main board, although the addresses are not the same but are located in the same address segment. WINDOWS operating system has allocated 256 addresses corresponding to 256 COM serial ports for this address segment. The PC's Ethernet physical I/O address and the PC's "traditional RS-232 port" physical I / O address is completely different, and even the address segment is not the same. If there are direct I/O read and write statements for the COM port in the serial port communication software, it cannot be run on the serial port of the Ethernet/serial converter. This is why some communication software cannot run on the RS-232 port of the Ethernet/serial converter because the “RS-232 port†can operate. Fortunately, the serial communication software under WINDOWS now has almost no I/O operation instructions for physical addresses but uses api functions or communication controls. Communication programs using api functions or communication controls are perfectly suited for virtual serial ports. Another reason is the operation of handshake signals such as RTS/CTS and DTR/DSR. Since the initialization of the virtual read/write process of these handshaking signals by the Ethernet/serial converter is often time-consuming, the handshake signal is easily read and written. failure.